• and energy saving crude soybean oil refinery in Nigeria
  • and energy saving crude soybean oil refinery in Nigeria
  • and energy saving crude soybean oil refinery in Nigeria
  • and energy saving crude soybean oil refinery in Nigeria
  • Are modular refineries destroying the oil market in Nigeria?
  • In general, petroleum markets in Nigeria favour consumption of light and middle distillates. Modular refineries that process local crude oil leave these markets with large amounts of fuel oil for which there is no effective market. There is high production of fuel oil with modular refineries which is value destroying.
  • Are Nigerian crude oil types effective feedstocks for conventional modular refinery operations?
  • Therefore, this research study focused on analyzing and classifying Nigerian crude oil types as effective feedstocks for conventional modular refinery operations by performing crude oil assay analysis on available Nigerian crude oil types using Aspen Hysys to determine their properties, compositions, and recovery volume.
  • What are the uses of soybean oil residues in a biorefinery?
  • Residues obtained during soybean oil extraction, as well as the ones obtained from refining and from concentration of proteins, can generate products with commercial value and/or be used to provide energy for the biorefinery itself.
  • How much does it cost to upgrade Nigeria's oil refineries?
  • The study revealed that it will require an estimated investment of about $7 billion to upgrade the three refineries to produce environmentally-friendly fuels that meet Euro-5 fuel quality specifications. In general, petroleum markets in Nigeria favour consumption of light and middle distillates.
  • Which crude oil type is suitable for modular refinery operations in Nigeria?
  • Also, the Nigerian crude oil types were grouped based on their percentage recovery volume at a true boiling point of 3700C as Group A (crude oil with recovery volume above 80% and residual percentage less than 20%), which is suitable for modular refinery operations in Nigeria.
  • Can soybean seed be used in a biorefinery?
  • Soybean straw or hulls could be used as fuel in boilers to supply energy for the process itself. Other reviews with different approaches concerning the use of soybean seed in a biorefinery platform can already be found in the scientific literature, such as the publications of Abdulkhani et al. and Loman and Ju [ 121, 122 ].