• palm kernel oil extraction soybean oil in Botswana
  • palm kernel oil extraction soybean oil in Botswana
  • palm kernel oil extraction soybean oil in Botswana
  • palm kernel oil extraction soybean oil in Botswana
  • How to extract bioactive compounds from palm kernel cake?
  • In this study, the extraction of oil and bioactive compounds from palm kernel cake (PKC), a byproduct of the palm oil mill, was investigated using Soxhlet extraction (SE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and room-temperature liquid extraction (RTLE) using isopropanol as a solvent.
  • Does solvent extraction of palm kernel oil consume more energy?
  • When compared with the mechanical oil extraction from palm kernels by screw pressing that required about 1.3 × 10 −3 kW h/g oil ( Ezeoha et al., 2017 ), solvent extraction of the residual oil from PKC tended to consume more energy. Energy expenditure was then considered to assess the different extraction methods.
  • Can isopropanol extract oil from palm kernel cake?
  • Isopropanol was a potential solvent for extracting oil from palm kernel cake. Using SE at 150 °C, the energy input was relatively high at 4.68 kW h/g oil. Using MAE at 150 °C, the energy input was reduced to 1.52 kW h/g oil. Using MAE, defatted PKC had the fat content around 0.25%.
  • Which products are obtained from the solvent extraction of PKC?
  • In this study, three valuable products, such as palm kernel oil, defatted PKC, and lignin derivatives, were obtained from the solvent extraction of PKC using isopropanol as the solvent. A distinct property of the extracted oil was that it contained valuable oil-soluble compounds, such as aromatic and phenolic compounds, and squalene.
  • Does extraction solvent affect fatty acid composition of Tecoma stans seed oil?
  • Oil soluble extracts and main fatty acids composition of oil obtained by SE, MAE and RTLE using isopropanol and n -hexane as the solvent. Jedidi et al. (2020) also reported effects of extraction solvent on fatty acid composition of Tecoma stans seed oils using a Soxhlet apparatus.
  • How is oil extracted from PKC using RTLE?
  • The extraction of oil from PKC using RTLE was investigated at room temperature (28–30 °C), extraction time of 45 min, and headspace pressures of 100, 175, 250, and 325 kPa. As shown in Fig. 3 a, the oil yield increased linearly with increasing headspace pressure, with R 2 = 0.91, that is, from 10.39 ± 0.06% at 100 kPa to 10.87 ± 0.07% at 325 kPa.